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Colorectal Cancers: Frequency and Surgical Management at the Ignace Deen General Surgery Department and at the Donka Oncological Surgery Unit (CHU CONAKRY)
Diakite Sandaly,
Camara Fode Lansana,
Diakite Saikou Yaya,
Fofana Housseine,
Fofana Naby,
Kondano Saa Yawo,
Camara Ibrahima,
Camara Mariame,
Cisse Aly,
Traore Bangaly,
Toure Aboubacar,
Diallo Aissatou Taran
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
1-4
Received:
3 January 2023
Accepted:
27 January 2023
Published:
6 February 2023
Abstract: Introduction: the purpose of this study was to determine the hospital frequency of colorectal cancers, to write the modalities of surgical management of CRC to the department of general surgery of the Ignace Deen National Hospital and to the oncological surgery unit of Donka. Material and Methods: this was a retrospective descriptive study lasting five years from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018. This study focused on patients admitted and operated on in one of the two (Ignace Deen General Surgery and the Donka Oncological Surgery Unit) and including a report of the pathological examination of the operating room confirming the diagnosis. Result: at the end of this study we collected 89 cases of CC (64 colonic cases and 25 rectal cases) or a hospital frequency of 3.47%. The most affected age group was 40-49 years 24.7% (n=22). The average age of the patients was 51 years with extremes of 13 years and 76 years. We observed a male predominance, a sex ratio of 1.1. Housewives were the most affected 35.96% of cases (n=32). 82.02 % (n=73) of our patients resided in Conakry. The most common localization was colon with 72% of cases (n=64). The most common histological type was adenocarcinoma with 84.27% of cases (n=75). We observed an advanced TNM stage with stage III (n=8) with 9% and stage IV (n=24) with 27% respectively. Surgery was performed in 76.40% of cases (n=68) and chemotherapy in 39.33% of cases (n=35). We recorded a mortality rate of 36.7% of cases (n=25), patients lost to follow-up accounted for 5.62% (n=5). 51.5% of cases (n=35) had a favorable outcome. 11.8% of our patients had complications (n=8) with a type of suppuration 7.4% (n=5) and incisional hernia 4.4% (n=3). Conclusion: The difficulties of management in our practice were related to the delay of diagnosis and the cost of chemotherapy drugs.
Abstract: Introduction: the purpose of this study was to determine the hospital frequency of colorectal cancers, to write the modalities of surgical management of CRC to the department of general surgery of the Ignace Deen National Hospital and to the oncological surgery unit of Donka. Material and Methods: this was a retrospective descriptive study lasting ...
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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Cervical Cancer Screening Among Female Reproductive Health Clients in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Feven Wondimu Gezahagne,
Teame Kiflom Gaim,
Salem Sium Mesfin,
Tewodros Kassahun Tarekegn,
Frewengel Melake Weldeslassie,
Bethel Tesfaye Bizuneh,
Sosina Abebaw Tsehay,
Rediet Habtu Lebelo,
Solomon Endale Dagnachew
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
5-23
Received:
7 December 2022
Accepted:
26 January 2023
Published:
14 February 2023
Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is the most common gynaecologic malignancy among women. In general, poor level of awareness, lack of effective screening program, overshadowed by other health concerns (such as AIDS, TB, cardiovascular and mental health), and lack of attentiveness to women’s health are a few of the possible factors for the noticed higher incidence rate of cervical cancer in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice on cervical cancer screening among reproductive health clients aged 18-49 of Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted on 237 women who were enrolled with a simple random sampling method from March to October 2020. A structured pretested questionnaire was carried out to gather data and the collected data were entered into SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive analysis using frequency, percentages, mean, and SD with bivariate analysis and multiple regressions was done. Result: About three-quarters (75.1%) of the participants heard about cervical cancer and out of the total participants 59% of them were found to have adequate knowledge, 58.2% with a positive attitude, and 51% of the participants were screened for cervical cancer. Lack of information about cervical cancer was the most reported reason for not attending cervical cancer screening. Conclusion and recommendation: The study showed more than half of the respondents had adequate knowledge, attitude, and practice on cervical cancer and screening for a premalignant cervical lesion. But still, there is a need to promote cervical cancer screening among women by informing them on their susceptibility to cervical cancer and encouraging a belief that active and regular screening can detect cervical cancer at the precancerous stage, hence enabling the early treatment and prevention of cancer development.
Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is the most common gynaecologic malignancy among women. In general, poor level of awareness, lack of effective screening program, overshadowed by other health concerns (such as AIDS, TB, cardiovascular and mental health), and lack of attentiveness to women’s health are a few of the possible factors for the noticed higher...
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Experience in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer with Definitive Chemoradiotherapy at the National Oncology Institute in the Period 2012-2022
Jimenez Hiciano Juan Jose,
Pinto Llerena Jose,
Perez Jimenez Gaspar
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
24-27
Received:
29 December 2022
Accepted:
25 January 2023
Published:
14 February 2023
Abstract: Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 18 million people were diagnosed with cancers in 2020, of these 600,000 were esophageal cancer and ranks 6th in mortality. In Panama, in 2020, 58 new cases were diagnosed, with a lethality of 90%. Despite advances in the therapeutic approach and survival of localized esophageal cancer, we are unaware of the survival results associated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy treatment. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study, reviewing the electronic medical records of patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer treated with Chemotherapy-Radiotherapy at the National Institute of Oncology from 2012 to 2022. Results were evaluated using the Kaplan Meier method, long rank test and a multivariate analysis with Cox regression. Objective: to evaluate the survival results in patient with locally advanced esophageal cancer treated with chemotherapy-radiotherapy. Results: 94 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 64 years. The median time to progression (TPP) was 6 months and the median overall survival (OS) was 9 months. 69% patient has Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 1, with a predominance of squamous histology in 89% and the degree of differentiation moderately differentiated in 55.3%. The main chemotherapy treatment was based on a scheme of weekly Carboplatin plus Paclitaxel in 41.5%, of which 66% received a dose of radiotherapy ≥45 Gy, with a 5-week extension time. A post-treatment radiographic response was evidenced with a clinical benefit of 36.2% and an objective response of 27.7%. The main adverse effects were dysphagia (16%), neutropenia (8.3%), nausea and vomiting (7.4%), and weight loss (7.4%). When analyzing the associated factors in relation to OS, in the multivariate analysis, the ECOG and the well-differentiated histological grade turned out to be significant association factors for better OS; but for the TTP, there were no associated factors identified when performing multivariate analysis. Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis, we found a median TTP of 6 months and a median OS of 9 months, which is below the values in the literature. The ECOG and the degree of differentiation were the factors associated with a better overall survival. Hematological and gastrointestinal adverse events were the most reported. It is important to choose patients in the best clinical condition for concomitant treatment with CT/RT to achieve better clinical results.
Abstract: Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 18 million people were diagnosed with cancers in 2020, of these 600,000 were esophageal cancer and ranks 6th in mortality. In Panama, in 2020, 58 new cases were diagnosed, with a lethality of 90%. Despite advances in the therapeutic approach and survival of localized esophageal cancer, we ...
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Progress of Tumor-Derived Exosomes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
28-33
Received:
21 February 2023
Accepted:
22 March 2023
Published:
31 March 2023
Abstract: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles 40 to 160 nm in diameter that mainly mediate information transmission and substance exchange between cells, and increasing evidence suggests that exosomes are involved in the development of tumors and have great potential in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck is one of the common malignant tumors in the whole body. Although various treatments continue to develop, the 5-year survival rate remains only 50%, which may be related to its characteristics such as easy lymphatic metastasis, chemotherapy resistance and poor radiotherapy sensitivity. Researchers are paying more and more attention to TDE, and studies connected to it have significantly improved our understanding of the causes, development, diagnosis, and prognosis of HNSCC. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma-derived exosomes involve tumor initiation, progression, immune regulation, diagnosis and treatment application, and are anticipated to serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for early tumor diagnosis, and new ideas for improving the survival rate and prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are provided by their related studies. Here, in order to bring our knowledge of exosomes derived from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma up to date, we examine the development of research on tumor-derived exosomes in the disease.
Abstract: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles 40 to 160 nm in diameter that mainly mediate information transmission and substance exchange between cells, and increasing evidence suggests that exosomes are involved in the development of tumors and have great potential in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck is one of the co...
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